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 The political economy of development |
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From the data files of the World Bank File 11910 The economics of urbanization and urban policies in developing countries - 1987 George S. Tolley and Vinod Thomas, editors Contents: Foreword - Contents - Contributors - Abbreviations 1. An Overview of Urban Growth: Problems, Policies, and Evaluation By George S. Tolley and Vinod Thomas ----Patterns of Urbanization ----Urbanization and Economic Development ----Sources of Future Urbanization ----Economic Causes of Urban Problems ----Urbanization Policy in Market and Mixed Economies ----Urbanization Policy in a Centralized Economy ----Concentration and Decentralization Policies ----Addressing Urban Problems ----Notes ----Bibliography PART I. UNDERSTANDING URBANIZATION IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD ----The Determinants of Urbanization ----Urbanization in Representative Developing Economies ----Conclusion ----Bibliography 2. Urbanization and Economic Development By George S. Tolley ----Demand and Supply Factors ----A More General Explanation ----Conclusion ----Bibliography 3. What Drives City Growth in the Developing World? By Allen C. Kelley and Jeffrey G. Williamson ----The Limits on City Growth ----Predicting the Past ----Understanding City Growth: Some Major Influences ----The OPEC Watershed and Recent Growth Trends ----Conclusion ----Notes ----Bibliography PART II. A FRAMEWORK FOR URBANIZATION POLICY ----Urban Problems and Policy Implications ----The Scope of Urbanization Policy ----A Case of Central Planning ----Bibliography 4. Market Failures as Bases of Urban Problems By George S. Tolley ----Urbanization and Poverty ----Urbanization as a Source of Growth: An Illusion ----Has Overurbanization Occurred? ----Primal Cities ----Economic Policy and Urbanization ----Bibliography 5. Urban Development Policies in Developing Countries By Bertrand Renaud ----Basic Trends in Urban Policy ----Urbanization Policies ----Analytical Policies ----The Direction of Urbanization Policies ----Conclusion ----Notes ----Bibliography 6. Urban Policy in Centralized Economies: China By William L. Parish ----City Size and Stability ----Useful and Productive Employment ----Health Care and Housing ----Conclusion ----Notes ----Bibliography PART III. CONCENTRATION OR DECENTRALIZATION: EVALUATION OF POLICIES ----Impetus to Urban Concentration ----Locational Choice and Decentralization ----Impact of Decentralization Policy ----Bibliography 7. The Analysis of Urban Concentration and Decentralization: The Case of Brazil By J. Vernon Henderson ----Urban and Regional Patterns ----Government Influence on Industrial Location ----Sources and Magnitudes of Economies of Scale ----Environmental Considerations in Decentralization ----Conclusions and Policy Implications ----Notes ----Bibliography 8. Employment Location and Spatial Policies: Colombia and Korea By Kyu Sik Lee ----Observed Patterns of Employment Location ----Behavioural Underpinning of Location Choice in Manufacturing ----A Framework for Evaluating Policy Effects ----Policy Implications ----Notes ----Bibliography 9. Industrial Deconcentration Policy: Venezuela By Benjamin Reif ----Has Deconcentration of Industry Taken Place? ----Is Deconcentration a Result of Policy? ----Other Factors ----Conclusions ----Notes ----Bibliography PART IV. MANAGING THE CITY ----Toward Greater Fiscal Efficiency ----Urban Housing ----Urban Transport Urban Services and the Environment Improving the Efficiency of Shelter Projects Bibliography 10. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in Developing Countries By Roy Bahl and Johannes Linn ----Urban Government Finance as a National Problem ----The Urban Fiscal Gap ----Expenditure Pressures ----Revenue Constraints and Opportunities ----Policy Options for Urban Fiscal Reforms ----The Politics and Prospects of Urban Fiscal Reform ----Notes ----Bibliography 11. Housing Demand in the Developing-Country Metropolis By Gregory K. Ingram ----The Price Term in Housing Demand Equations ----Housing Demand and Workplace-Based Price Variation ----The Setting and the Data ----The Hedonic Price Equations ----The Housing Demand Equations ----Aggregate Estimates of Income Elasticities ----Conclusion ----Notes ----Bibliography 12. Urban Transport Policy: Colombia By Alvaro Pachón ----Operations ----New versus Old Buses ----Buses or Busetas? ----Summary and Conclusions ----Notes ----Bibliography 13. Evaluating Pollution Control: The Case of Sao Paulo By Vinod Thomas ----Pollution: Problems and Policies ----The Costs of Pollution Control ----The Benefits of Pollution Control: Health Effects ----Policy Implications ----Notes ----Bibliography 14. Improving the Effectiveness of Urban Projects By Douglas H. Keare ----Project Efficiency and Effectiveness ----Some Implications for Project Design and Policy Formulation ----The Contribution of Evaluation ----Notes ----Bibliography 15. Urban Economic Policy: Directions for the Future By George S. Tolley and Vinod Thomas ----Urbanization Problems in Mixed Economies ----Lessons under Central Planning ----Urban Concentration and Urban Policy,BR. ----Bibliografy |
