Boxes |
1.1 |
Why is the Euro so Undervalued? |
1.2 |
Risky Business: Output Volatility and the Perils of Forecasting in Japan |
1.3 |
China's Prospective WTO Accession |
1.4 |
The Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa |
2.1 |
U.S. Monetary Policy and Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Markets |
2.2 |
Developments in the Oil Markets |
3.1 |
The IMF and the Transition Economies |
3.2 |
Transition Controversies |
3.3 |
Addressing Barter Trade and Arrears in Russia |
3.4 |
Privatization in Transition Economies |
3.5 |
Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Economies: China and Russia |
4.1 |
Formalities and Procedures of EU Enlargement |
4.2 |
Previous EU Enlargements |
4.3 |
Accession of Turkey to the European Union |
4.4 |
Convergence and Real Exchange Rate Appreciation in the EU Accession Countries |
A1 |
Economic Policy Assumptions Underlying the Projections for Selected Advanced Countries |
Tables |
1.1 |
Overview of the World Economic Outlook Projections |
1.2 |
Selected Economies: Current Account Positions |
1.3 |
Advanced Economies: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Unemployment |
1.4 |
Major Industrial Countries: General Government Fiscal Balances and Debt |
1.5 |
Selected Western Hemisphere and Asian Countries: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and
Current Account Balance |
1.6 |
Commonwealth of Independent States and Countries on the European Union Accession
Track: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current Account Balance |
1.7 |
Selected Middle Eastern and African Countries: Real GDP, Consumer Prices, and Current
Account Balance |
1.8 |
Alternative Scenario: Harder Landing |
1.9 |
Alternative Scenario: Faster Growth in Euro Area and Japan |
2.1 |
United States: Sources of the Acceleration in Labor-Productivity Growth 1974-99 74 |
2.2 |
Market Capitalization of Information Technology Stocks as a Share of Total Market
Capitalization |
2.3 |
Decomposition of the IT Sector into Telecommunications and Computer Sub-sectors |
2.4 |
International Correlations of Stock Price Changes |
2.5 |
Gross Private Financing to Emerging Market Economies |
2.6 |
Emerging Market Economies: Net Capital Flows |
2.7 |
General Government Balance |
2.8 |
External Debt |
2.9 |
Selected Primary Commodities: Recent Price Movements |
2.10 |
Nonfuel Commodity Exporters: Export Dependency and Terms of Trade |
2.11 |
Fuel Exporters: Export Dependencies and Terms of Trade |
2.12 |
Preliminary Estimates of a First Round Effect of an Oil Price Increase in Oil
Importing Developing Countries |
2.13 |
Macroeconomic Impact of a Ten Percent Increase in Oil Prices |
3.1 |
Selected Characteristics of Transition Countries |
3.2 |
Transition Economies: Alternative Geographic, Political, and Reform-Effort Groupings |
3.3 |
Foreign Indebtedness, 1999 |
3.4 |
Countries' Institutional Quality: Quintiles, 1997-98 |
3.5 |
Proxy Measures of Human Capital |
3.6 |
Initial Conditions |
3.7 |
Areas of Remaining Major Reform Backlog |
3.8 |
Transition Economies' Membership in International Organizations |
3.9 |
EBRD Transition Indicators, 1999 |
3.10 |
Liberalization Index |
3.11 |
Index of Institutional Quality, 1997-98 |
3.12 |
Correlation Among Indices |
4.1 |
Central and Eastern European Countries: Macroeconomic Indicators |
4.2 |
Selected European Countries: Economic Indicators |
4.3 |
Selected European Countries: Sectoral Value Added |
4.4 |
Selected European Countries: Indicators of Health and Education |
4.5 |
Selected European Countries: Correlation of Output and Inflation, 1993-99 |
4.6 |
Legal Transition Indicators |
4.7 |
Selected European Countries: Trade |
4.8 |
Central and Eastern European Countries: External Account Liberalization |
4.9 |
Comparative Market Development Data for Selected Accession Countries: Market
Regulation and Supervision |
4.10 |
Estimates of Labor Market Flexibility |
4.11 |
The European Social Charter and the Labor Market |
4.12 |
Hungary: EU Related Spending and Financing |
4.13 |
Exchange Rate Arrangements and Anchors of Monetary Policy |
Figures |
1.1 |
Global Indicators |
1.2 |
World Industrial Production |
1.3 |
A Comparison of Global Growth in Recent Slowdowns |
1.4 |
Major Industrial Countries: Output Gaps |
1.5 |
United States: Rapid Growth, But Rising Imbalances |
1.6 |
Euro Area: A Strengthening Expansion Will Allow Accelerated Reform |
1.7 |
Japan: Modest Recovery But Consumption Still Weak |
1.8 |
Selected Latin American Countries: Financial Development |
1.9 |
Selected East Asian Countries: Real GDP Growth and Its Composition |
1.10 |
Russia: Signs of a Strong Recovery |
1.11 |
Selected European Countries: Export Market Growth and Real Effective Exchange Rate |
1.12 |
Africa and the Middle East: Terms of Trade Impact of Commodity Price Changes |
1.13 |
Global Current Account Discrepancy |
2.1 |
Faster-Growing Advanced Economies: Output, Employment, and Productivity Growth in the
Business Sector |
2.2 |
Advanced Economies: Expenditure and Production of Information and Communications
Technology |
2.3 |
Illustrative Country Scenario: New Economy Uncertainty and Monetary Policy |
2.4 |
Equity Price Indices |
2.5 |
Price-Earnings Ratios for Information Technology (IT) vs. Non-IT Sector |
2.6 |
Selected Regions: Equity Price 12-Month Volatility |
2.7 |
Market Value of Information Techonology Stocks |
2.8 |
Emerging Markets: Bond Spreads |
2.9 |
Emerging Markets: Capital Flows, Bond Spread, and Volatility in Equity Returns |
2.10 |
Selected East Asian and Latin American Economies: Current Account Balance |
2.11 |
Selected Emerging Market Economies: Capital Flows |
2.12 |
Prices of Crude Petroleum and Nonfuel Commodities |
3.1 |
Key Elements of Reform in Transition |
3.2 |
Progress in Structural Reform and Output Performance |
3.3 |
Output and Inflation Performance During Transition |
3.4 |
Real GDP Ratios 2000-1989 |
3.5 |
Macrostabilization: Budget Deficit and Inflation, 2000 |
3.6 |
Change in Poverty and Income Distribution |
3.7 |
Progress in Reform by Area, 1999 |
3.8 |
Aggregate EBRD Transition Indicator, 1999 |
3.9 |
Index of Institutional Quality, 1997-98 |
3.10 |
Progress in Structural Adjustment |
3.11 |
Adjustment Gap of Regional Export Structure |
3.12 |
Current Account Deficit and Foreign Direct Investment, 1999 |
3.13 |
Composition of Net Capital Flows |
3.15 |
Government Revenue and Expenditure, 1999 |
3.15 |
Financial Maturity Indicators, 1994-99 |
3.16 |
Trade-Weighted Real GDP Growth of Trading Partners |
4.1 |
Private Sector Share of Output |
4.2 |
Indicators of Transition, 1999 |
4.3 |
Indicators of Institutional Development |
4.4 |
Export Markets |
4.5 |
Financing the Current Account Deficit |
4.6 |
Government Expenditures in Relation to GDP Per Capita, 1999 |