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World Development Report 1996. Statistical Annex


Table 16. Balance of payments
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                            Current transfers   Current account
                                                                            ----------------------------------
                                Exports of goods  Imports of goods               Net workers' Other net private balance before     Gross international
                                and services /a   and services /a                 remittances transfers         official transfers reserves
                                (million $)        (million $)                   (million $)  (million $)         (million $)      (million $)
                         ------------------------ ------------------------- ----------------- -----------------                    ----------------------
                               1980        1994         1980         1994      1980    1994      1980    1994      1980      1994      1980        1994
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Low-income economies        105,529 t   237,848 t    136,812 t    285,936 t                                                          42,943 t   119,140 t
  Excluding China & India    74,386 t    76,664 t     98,041 t    121,425 t                                                          20,842 t    37,138 t
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1   Rwanda                     182          51          335          496       -14       0        11      45      (155)     (400)      187          39
 2   Mozambique                 452         341          875        1,403         0      55         0     138      (423)     (870)       ..          ..
 3   Ethiopia /b                590         563          797        1,189        22     247        58      61      (126)     (317)      262         588
 4   Tanzania                   762         855        1,412        2,067         0       0        22     450      (628)     (762)       ..          ..
 5   Burundi                     ..         106           ..          307        ..       0        ..      29        ..      (171)      105         211
-----                                                                     --------------------------------------------------------
 6   Sierra Leone               276          ..          494           ..        (2)     ..        10      ..      (209)       ..        ..          ..
 7   Malawi                     315         390          638          639         0       0        13      18      (310)     (230)       76          48
 8   Chad                        71         181           83          336        (4)     ..         0      (8)      (16)     (163)       12          80
 9   Uganda                     331         333          450          901        (2)      0        ..     304      (121)     (265)       ..          ..
 10  Madagascar                 518         630        1,121          988       (30)     (2)       10      33      (623)     (327)       ..          ..
-----                                                                     ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 11  Nepal                      239       1,004          368        1,320         0      70        29      (4)     (100)     (250)      272         752
 12  Vietnam                     ..       4,918           ..        6,218        ..      ..        ..     170        ..    (1,130)       ..          ..
 13  Bangladesh                 976       3,220        2,622        4,830       197   1,090        13     154    (1,436)     (366)      331       3,175
 14  Haiti                      309          64          498          216        52       0         0      43      (137)     (109)       27          ..
 15  Niger                      644         245        1,016          351       (47)     10        (9)    (10)     (429)     (106)      132         115
-----                                                                     --------------------------------------------------------
 16  Guinea-Bissau               17          55           83          102       (14)      0         0       9       (80)      (37)       ..          ..
 17  Kenya                    2,061       2,666        3,095        2,844         0      (3)       27     151    (1,006)      (30)      539         588
 18  Mali                       263         392          537          817        40      85         0     146      (234)     (194)       26         229
 19  Nigeria                 27,749       9,879       22,044       12,504      (410)    546         0      (0)    5,295    (2,079)   10,640       1,649
 20  Yemen, Rep.                 ..       2,010           ..        3,178        ..   1,059        ..     (15)       ..      (124)       ..         274
-----                                                                     -                                   -
 21  Burkina Faso               225         343          596          933       100      71        12      26      (259)     (493)       75         241
 22  Mongolia                   443         421          934          481         0       0        (0)     (0)     (491)      (59)       ..          94
 23  India                   12,348      35,020       18,105       43,692     2,786   4,976        74   1,224    (2,897)   (2,473)   12,010      24,221
 24  Lao PDR                     ..         259           ..          400        ..       0        ..      10       (99)     (131)       ..          68
 25  Togo                       570         305          752          341         1       5        (0)     (0)     (181)      (31)       85          99
-----                                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------
 26  Gambia, The                 66         220          181          254         0       0         4      13      (112)      (20)       ..          ..
 27  Nicaragua                  514         459        1,049        1,429         0      30         2       0      (534)     (940)       75         146
 28  Zambia                   1,625       1,185        1,987        1,593       (61)     ..      (122)    (19)     (545)     (427)      206          ..
 29  Tajikistan                  ..          ..           ..           ..        ..      ..        ..      ..        ..        ..        ..          ..
 30  Benin                      241         405          428          518        75      65         0       0      (112)      (48)       15         262
-----                                                                     ---------------------------------------------------------
 31  Central African Rep.       205         186          329          280       (19)     ..         3       0      (141)      (95)       62         214
 32  Albania                    386         276          375          775         0     265         6      (4)       16      (238)      209          ..
 33  Ghana                    1,213       1,386        1,264        2,123        (4)     12         0     259       (54)     (466)      330         689
 34  Pakistan                 3,010       8,401        6,042       12,812     1,748   1,446       147     945    (1,137)   (2,020)    1,568       3,716
 35  Mauritania                 270         427          493          568       (27)     24        (1)    (23)     (251)     (140)      146          44
-----                                                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------
 36  Azerbaijan                  ..         637           ..          852        ..      ..        ..      36        ..      (179)       ..          ..
 37  Zimbabwe                 1,719       2,016        1,900        2,338         8       0      (129)     26      (302)     (295)      419         585
 38  Guinea                     553         678          577          952        (8)      9         5     (50)      (26)     (315)       ..          ..
 39  China                   20,901     124,665       24,752      118,344       640     395         0     441    (3,211)    7,157    10,091      57,781
 40  Honduras                   967       1,370        1,306        1,859         0      90         8       5      (331)     (394)      159         179
-----                                                                     ------------------------------------------------------------------
 41  Senegal                    830       1,349        1,337        1,740       (15)     40        (4)      1      (526)     (350)       25         191
 42  C“te d'Ivoire            3,640       3,177        4,761        3,590      (716)   (312)        0       0    (1,836)     (726)       46         221
 43  Congo                    1,029       1,078        1,195        1,400       (38)     ..       (26)    (25)     (230)     (346)       93          55
 44  Kyrgyz Republic             ..         340           ..          490        ..       0        ..     (52)       ..      (202)       ..          ..
 45  Sri Lanka                1,340       4,087        2,269        5,646       152     698       (16)    (72)     (793)     (933)      283       1,686
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 46  Armenia                     ..         258           ..          525        ..       0        ..      36        ..      (232)       ..          ..
 47  Cameroon                 1,828       2,210        2,226        2,485        11      52        (8)    (34)     (395)     (257)      206          14
 48  Egypt, Arab Rep.         6,516      10,511        9,745       16,121     2,696   5,073        95       0      (438)     (536)    2,480      14,413
 49  Lesotho                    363         551          482          914         0       0         2       3      (117)     (360)       ..          ..
 50  Georgia                     ..          ..           ..           ..        ..      ..        ..      ..        ..        ..        ..          ..
 51  Myanmar                    556       1,125          869        1,776         0       0         7     312      (307)     (339)      409         518
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Middle-income economies     662,723 t 1,047,195 t    670,749 t  1,214,187 t                                                         173,363 t   316,491 t
  Lower-middle-income            ..          ..           ..           ..                                                            78,989 t   136,901 t
-----
 52  Bolivia                  1,046       1,226        1,112        1,670         0      (1)       13      25       (53)     (419)      553         793
 53  Macedonia, FYR              ..       1,226           ..        1,733        ..      ..        ..     137        ..      (370)       ..         166
 54  Moldova                     ..         618           ..          823        ..       0        ..      22        ..      (183)       ..         180
 55  Indonesia               22,241      46,295       19,432       49,704         0     449         0       0     2,810    (2,960)    6,803      13,321
 56  Philippines              7,997      24,033       10,348       27,809       202     367        97      93    (2,052)   (3,316)    3,978       7,126
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 57  Uzbekistan                  ..       3,561           ..        3,569        ..       0        ..       0        ..        (8)       ..          ..
 58  Morocco                  3,270       7,035        5,807        9,901       989   2,061        15      55    (1,533)     (750)      814       4,622
 59  Kazakstan                   ..       3,114           ..        3,916        ..       0        ..      80        ..      (722)       ..          ..
 60  Guatemala                1,834       2,586        2,107        3,734         0       0       109     378      (165)     (770)      753         943
 61  Papua New Guinea         1,089       2,909        1,561        2,356         0       0      (106)   (150)     (578)      402       458         120
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 62  Bulgaria                 9,443       5,507        8,547        5,525         0       0        58     164       954       146        ..          ..
 63  Romania                 12,160       7,158       14,580        7,704         0       0         0     194    (2,420)     (352)    2,511       3,092
 64  Ecuador                  2,975       4,521        3,647        5,482         0       0         0       0      (672)     (962)    1,257       2,003
 65  Dominican Republic       1,313       2,601        2,237        3,253       183     420        17       0      (725)     (232)      279         259
 66  Lithuania                   ..       2,153           ..        2,463        ..       0        ..      31        ..      (279)       ..         597
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 67  El Salvador              1,271       1,675        1,289        2,982        11     967         6      37        (1)     (303)      382         829
 68  Jordan                   1,781       3,058        3,318        4,783       715   1,093      (120)    (91)     (942)     (723)    1,745       1,997
 69  Jamaica                  1,422       2,680        1,678        3,112        51     327        31     120      (175)       15       105          ..
 70  Paraguay                   781       2,657        1,399        3,981         0       0         0      42      (618)   (1,282)      783       1,030
 71  Algeria                 14,500       9,698       14,552       12,919       241       0        36   1,400       225    (1,821)    7,064       4,813
 72  Colombia                 5,860      12,428        6,231       16,283        68     211        96     651      (207)   (2,993)    6,474       7,862
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *   Data for Taiwan, Chi    22,627     112,899       23,445      105,524        ..      ..       (92) (1,316)     (910)    6,059     4,055      97,653
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note:  For data comparability and coverage, see the technical notes.  Figures in italics are for years other than those specified.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 73  Tunisia                  3,356       6,983        4,119        8,086       304     675        (2)      8      (462)     (419)      700       1,544
 74  Ukraine                     ..      14,426           ..       15,837        ..       0        ..    (566)       ..    (1,977)       ..          ..
 75  Namibia                     ..       1,758           ..        1,806        ..       0        ..      30        ..       (19)       ..         203
 76  Peru                     4,832       5,996        5,080        9,197         0     280         0     (14)     (248)   (2,935)    2,804       7,420
 77  Belarus                     ..       2,770           ..        3,345        ..      ..        ..      70        ..      (505)       ..          ..
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 78  Slovak Republic             ..       9,138           ..        8,496        ..       0        ..      63        ..       706        ..       2,186
 79  Latvia                      ..       1,263           ..        1,446        ..      ..        ..      ..        ..      (158)       ..         641
 80  Costa Rica               1,219       3,399        1,897        4,004         0       0        20      89      (659)     (517)      197         906
 81  Poland                  16,200      22,189       20,338       25,898         0       0       593     991    (3,545)   (2,718)      574       6,023
 82  Thailand                 8,575      59,161       10,861       68,429         0       0        75     986    (2,212)   (8,282)    3,026      30,280
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 83  Turkey                   3,672      30,084        9,251       30,589     2,071   2,627        82     126    (3,426)    2,248     3,298       8,633
 84  Croatia                     ..       6,654           ..        6,872        ..     340        ..    (116)       ..         7        ..       1,410
 85  Panama                   7,736       7,647        8,062        7,756         0       0       (52)    (25)     (378)     (136)       ..          ..
 86  Russian Federation /        ..      59,006           ..       59,208        ..      ..        ..       0        ..      (202)       ..       7,206
 87  Venezuela               22,232      19,170       17,065       15,993      (418)   (746)        0     436     4,749     2,450    13,360      12,459
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 88  Botswana                   748       2,356          954        2,096       (17)     ..        15     (85)     (207)      174        ..          ..
 89  Estonia                     ..       1,173           ..        1,240        ..      (0)       ..      (0)       ..       (68)       ..         446
 90  Iran, Islamic Rep.      14,073      19,765       16,509       16,384         0       0         0   1,200    (2,436)    4,581    12,783          ..
 91  Turkmenistan                ..          ..           ..           ..        ..      ..        ..      ..        ..        ..        ..          ..
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Upper-middle-income       305,516 t   488,002 t    286,289 t    569,204 t                                                          94,374 t   179,589 t
 92  Brazil                  23,275      50,674       36,250       54,474         1       0       126   2,597   (12,848)   (1,203)    6,875      38,492
 93  South Africa            29,258      29,580       25,989       30,215         0       0        94     (19)    3,363      (654)    7,888       3,295
 94  Mauritius                  574       2,087          712        2,385         0       0        10      68      (129)     (230)      113         771
 95  Czech Republic              ..      19,602           ..       19,744        ..       0        ..     126        ..       (16)       ..       6,949
 96  Malaysia                14,836      65,795       15,100       70,106         0       0       (43)     48      (307)   (4,262)    5,755      26,339
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 97  Chile                    6,276      14,881        8,360       15,978         0       0        64      52    (2,020)   (1,045)    4,128      13,802
 98  Trinidad and Tobago      3,371       2,161        2,972        1,943         1      26       (44)    (30)      357       213     2,813         373
 99  Hungary                  9,780      11,441       10,374       16,404         0       0        63     896      (531)   (4,067)       ..       6,853
100  Gabon                    2,434       2,418        1,926        2,275      (143)     ..       (14)    (72)      350        71       115         180
101  Mexico                  22,240      53,607       33,496       86,406       687   3,705       106     216   (10,463)  (28,878)    4,175       6,441
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
102  Uruguay                  1,594       3,442        2,312        3,892         0       0         2      33      (716)     (416)    2,401       1,622
103  Oman                     3,852       5,800        2,650        5,558      (362) (1,329)        0      (0)      840    (1,087)      704       1,090
104  Slovenia                    ..       8,628           ..        8,185        ..      56        ..      33        ..       532        ..       1,499
105  Saudi Arabia           114,208      54,598       62,710       52,159    (4,094)(15,717)        0       0    47,404   (13,278)   26,129       9,139
106  Greece                   8,374      15,650       11,670       22,732     1,066   2,576        21      53    (2,209)   (4,453)    3,607      15,809
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
107  Argentina               11,202      21,029       15,999       31,421         0       0        23     318    (4,774)  (10,074)    9,297      16,003
108  Korea, Rep.             22,577     116,228       28,347      121,364         0       0       399     832    (5,371)   (4,304)    3,101      25,764
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Low- and middle-income      763,625 t 1,290,939 t    797,322 t  1,484,372 t                                                         216,306 t   435,631 t
  Sub-Saharan Africa         91,798 t    79,026 t     96,504 t    100,724 t                                                          22,249 t    20,107 t
  South Asia                 18,792 t    52,585 t     30,493 t     69,750 t                                                          15,403 t    31,901 t
  East Asia & Pacific       101,752 t   451,795 t    117,669 t    482,575 t                                                          33,794 t   161,686 t
  Europe and Central Asia        ..          ..           ..           ..                                                            11,445 t    63,580 t
  Middle East & N. Africa   218,507 t        ..      165,659 t         ..                                                            76,217 t    46,538 t
  Latin America & Caribbe   132,434 t   233,334 t    178,545 t    319,456 t                                                          57,197 t   111,820 t
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
High-income economies     1,908,362 t 4,923,317 t  1,916,810 t  4,792,515 t                                                         730,811 t 1,031,132 t
----
109  Portugal                 6,846      24,586       10,916       30,354     2,928   3,844        71      (3)   (1,072)   (1,926)   13,863      21,671
110  New Zealand              6,561      16,011        7,630       18,116       143     177       (35)    806      (961)   (1,123)      365       3,709
111  Spain                   33,863     111,791       41,089      121,337     1,647   1,780       411      99    (5,168)   (7,667)   20,474      47,531
112  Ireland                 10,418      40,446       13,754       39,483         0       0       123     (52)   (3,213)      911     3,071       6,253
113 +Israel                   9,858      24,527       13,458       33,898         0       0     1,060   3,260    (2,540)   (6,111)    4,055       6,796
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
114  Australia               26,668      58,062       30,683       68,755         0       0       295     738    (3,720)   (9,955)    6,366      14,313
115  United Kingdom         201,137     386,474      189,683      380,663         0       0      (473)   (398)   10,980     5,414    31,755      48,079
116  Finland                 17,332      36,490       18,621       34,992         0       0       (20)    (96)   (1,308)    1,402     2,451      11,430
117  Italy                  105,011     278,378      116,794      256,921     1,609     242      (155)   (247)  (10,329)   21,453    62,428      57,817
118 +Kuwait                  27,344      17,927       10,463       12,261      (692) (1,445)        0       0    16,190     4,221     5,425       4,474
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
119  Canada                  77,995     190,101       79,859      209,087         0       0        53     832    (1,811)  (18,153)   15,462      13,775
120 +Hong Kong               24,190          ..       25,448           ..        ..      ..        ..      ..    (1,258)       ..        ..          ..
121  Netherlands             97,922     197,115       97,610      180,466      (316)   (395)     (498) (1,547)     (503)   14,707    37,549      47,859
122 +Singapore               25,239     101,929       26,695       99,194         0       0      (104)   (482)   (1,560)    2,253        ..          ..
123  Belgium /d              88,925     224,364       92,625      209,188      (266)   (360)     (104)   (240)   (4,070)   14,576    27,974      23,474
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
124  France                 171,817     424,737      171,856      408,318    (2,591) (1,290)      137     (87)   (2,494)   15,043    75,592      57,627
125  Sweden                  39,388      83,406       42,495       80,711         0      91      (301)   (273)   (3,407)    2,513     6,996      25,579
126  Austria                 29,152      82,237       32,951       83,834       (67)     33         9    (294)   (3,857)   (1,858)   17,725      23,852
127  Germany /e             233,971     565,307      235,078      554,118    (4,437) (4,634)   (1,464) (4,228)   (7,007)    2,327   104,702     113,841
128  United States          344,440     836,415      333,830      957,209      (810) (7,680)     (220) (8,010)    9,580  (136,484)  171,413     163,591
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
129  Norway                  28,252      50,837       26,658       45,573       (23)   (236)      (32)   (215)    1,539     4,813     6,746      19,479
130  Denmark                 24,152      72,481       26,642       67,263         0       0       (89)   (133)   (2,578)    5,086     4,347       9,680
131  Japan                  158,230     600,110      167,450      463,390         0       0      (240) (2,820)   (9,460)  133,900    38,919     135,145
132  Switzerland             59,462     119,920       58,524      100,364      (603) (2,007)      (98)   (220)      238    17,329    64,748      66,645
133 +United Arab Emirates        ..          ..           ..           ..        ..      ..        ..      ..    11,800        ..     2,355       6,964
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
World                     2,639,869 t 6,275,740 t  2,666,779 t  6,276,817 t                                                         947,117 t 1,466,763 t
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a. Corresponds to the 4th edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual definition. b. Data prior to 1992 include Eritrea. 
c. Excludes trade with other members of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
d. Includes Luxembourg. e. Data prior to 1990 refer to the Federal Republic of Germany before unification.

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