World Development Report 1996. Statistical Annex
Table 11. Growth of the economy
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Average annual growth rate (%)
Exports of goods & Gross domestic
GDP GDP deflator Agriculture Industry Services /a nonfactor services investment
--------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------- - ------------------
1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94 1980-90 1990-94
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Low-income economies 5.8 w 6.2 w 13.0 w 59.0 w 3.5 w 2.8 w 7.4 w 11.0 w 6.8 w 5.2 w 5.7 w 10.4 w 6.1 w 7.9 w
Excluding China & India 2.9 w 1.4 w 24.8 w 150.2 w 2.0 w 1.5 w 2.7 w -0.7 w 3.7 w 2.1 w 2.5 w 3.0 w -0.4 w -1.8 w
1 Rwanda 2.3 -15.5 3.3 9.7 0.7 -13.8 1.7 -23.4 4.3 -14.2 4.4 1.2 3.7 -12.3
2 Mozambique -0.2 7.3 38.4 49.3 1.6 2.4 -9.8 -2.4 2.8 12.7 -5.0 7.2 -2.5 8.6
3 Ethiopia 2.3 b .. 3.4 b .. 1.1 b .. 0.1 b .. 4.4 b .. .. .. .. ..
4 Tanzania 3.8 3.1 35.7 20.4 4.9 5.8 3.4 9.7 2.8 -3.1 .. .. .. ..
5 Burundi 4.4 -1.4 4.4 7.1 3.1 -3.1 4.5 -3.4 6.3 1.5 4.5 -2.5 4.5 -4.0
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6 Sierra Leone 0.9 0.6 56.0 55.9 2.9 0.6 -2.0 7.4 0.7 -2.7 -7.6 5.4 -4.0 1.1
7 Malawi 2.7 -0.7 14.6 22.8 2.0 -0.6 2.9 -0.4 3.0 -1.0 2.5 0.4 -3.9 -14.5
8 Chad /c 6.3 1.3 1.1 6.6 b 6.9 8.0 -9.9 9.9 1.2 7.7 -15.8 19.0 -2.9
9 Uganda 3.1 5.6 125.6 28.8 2.3 3.3 6.0 9.3 3.5 7.7 2.3 5.3 9.3 2.6
10 Madagascar 1.1 -0.2 17.1 16.8 2.5 1.5 0.9 -0.7 0.5 -1.1 -2.0 4.4 4.9 -7.4
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11 Nepal 4.6 4.9 11.1 12.6 4.0 1.3 6.0 10.5 4.8 6.8 0.9 26.8 2.2 6.3
12 Vietnam /c .. 8.0 .. 29.8 .. 4.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
13 Bangladesh /c 4.3 4.2 9.5 4.1 2.7 1.9 4.9 7.1 5.7 5.0 6.6 11.7 1.4 4.7
14 Haiti -0.2 -8.1 7.5 20.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.2 -19.0 -0.6 -45.7
15 Niger /c -1.1 -0.3 2.9 4.7 1.8 -3.5 -3.3 -1.3 -5.2 -2.2 -4.6 -6.7 -5.9 -6.9
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16 Guinea-Bissau 4.5 3.6 56.1 53.4 6.7 4.7 0.4 2.3 3.3 2.3 -1.6 -6.2 5.8 0.7
17 Kenya 4.2 0.9 9.0 17.7 3.3 -1.5 3.9 0.9 4.8 2.0 4.3 0.4 0.8 -2.2
18 Mali /c 1.5 2.0 5.6 8.0 4.3 1.7 2.7 5.3 -1.4 1.1 5.2 3.0 5.4 5.0
19 Nigeria 1.6 2.4 16.6 37.4 3.3 2.2 -1.0 0.3 2.8 4.5 -0.3 1.7 -10.9 -4.6
20 Yemen, Rep. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
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21 Burkina Faso 3.7 2.5 3.1 4.0 3.1 4.6 3.7 1.4 4.2 1.6 -0.6 -2.4 8.6 -15.1
22 Mongolia /c 5.5 -4.4 (1.2) 157.7 2.9 -4.0 4.6 -7.0 18.5 -4.0 5.2 -13.0 1.7 -20.3
23 India 5.8 3.8 8.0 10.1 3.1 2.9 7.1 3.2 6.9 4.6 5.9 13.6 6.5 1.2
24 Lao PDR /c .. 6.2 .. 8.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.3 .. ..
25 Togo /c 1.8 -3.4 4.7 5.7 5.6 3.3 1.1 -6.0 -0.3 -8.6 0.6 -13.6 2.1 -34.3
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26 Gambia, The 3.4 1.4 18.7 5.6 0.4 -0.5 6.0 -0.8 4.8 2.4 0.6 -5.6 0.8 3.0
27 Nicaragua /c -2.0 0.5 422.6 148.6 -2.2 0.3 -1.7 -4.4 -2.0 2.2 -3.8 3.8 -4.7 2.8
28 Zambia /c 0.8 -0.1 42.4 124.2 3.6 2.1 1.0 -1.3 0.1 0.4 -3.3 13.7 -2.7 -16.9
29 Tajikistan 2.9 -22.5 0.5 522.3 -1.4 .. 3.6 .. 5.9 .. .. .. 4.2 ..
30 Benin /c 2.6 4.1 1.6 7.9 5.1 4.9 2.1 3.5 1.2 3.5 -2.2 1.9 -6.2 12.1
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31 Central African Repu 1.7 -0.1 5.6 6.2 2.7 1.5 3.1 -4.6 0.5 -2.9 -3.7 4.4 4.8 -8.7
32 Albania 1.5 -4.2 (0.4) 101.6 2.4 6.4 3.2 -21.8 -2.4 4.3 -2.6 -6.6 -0.3 -11.3
33 Ghana /c 3.0 4.3 42.4 20.7 1.0 1.8 3.3 4.3 6.4 7.3 2.5 7.5 4.5 -3.9
34 Pakistan 6.3 4.6 6.7 10.8 4.3 2.7 7.3 6.3 6.9 4.7 8.1 11.3 5.9 4.7
35 Mauritania 1.7 3.6 8.6 7.6 1.7 5.3 4.9 2.0 0.3 3.3 3.4 -3.8 -4.1 3.2
----- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36 Azerbaijan /c 2.1 -22.9 .. 696.6 -1.4 .. 2.8 .. 4.2 .. .. .. 0.4 ..
37 Zimbabwe 3.5 1.1 11.5 27.0 2.4 1.6 3.6 -3.6 3.9 1.3 5.4 4.5 1.3 0.2
38 Guinea .. 3.5 .. 11.7 .. 4.3 .. 1.9 .. 4.3 .. 0.5 .. -1.1
39 China /c 10.2 12.9 5.8 10.8 5.9 4.1 11.1 18.8 13.6 9.9 11.5 16.0 11.0 15.4
40 Honduras 2.7 3.8 5.7 16.9 2.7 3.4 3.3 6.0 2.5 1.5 1.1 1.4 2.9 12.6
----- - ----------------------------------------- ---------
41 Senegal /c 3.2 -0.0 6.4 7.1 2.9 -4.9 3.8 1.1 3.1 1.2 2.8 1.4 3.6 -0.1
42 C“te d'Ivoire -0.1 -0.2 3.1 6.8 -0.5 -0.9 4.4 0.2 -1.4 0.1 -1.0 -1.2 -10.8 1.4
43 Congo /c 3.6 -0.1 0.3 2.1 3.4 -2.8 5.2 3.4 2.6 -2.6 4.8 5.7 -11.9 -6.7
44 Kyrgyz Republic 4.2 -16.9 0.1 454.9 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.5 16.0
45 Sri Lanka 4.2 5.4 10.9 9.5 2.2 2.0 4.6 7.5 5.0 5.8 3.7 10.7 1.7 10.8
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46 Armenia 3.3 -27.8 0.3 967.0 -3.9 -1.9 5.1 -36.7 4.4 -28.7 .. .. 6.2 -25.0
47 Cameroon /c 1.9 -4.1 5.7 2.7 1.2 -1.2 3.7 -6.9 1.0 -3.9 9.1 -0.6 -0.8 -10.0
48 Egypt, Arab Rep. 5.0 1.1 11.7 14.9 1.5 1.8 2.6 0.1 7.5 1.2 6.1 -1.5 2.7 -2.7
49 Lesotho 4.3 6.1 13.6 11.9 2.6 -2.3 7.2 11.4 3.6 4.7 4.1 10.6 6.9 10.4
50 Georgia 0.5 -31.2 1.9 2,707.1 0.7 -31.5 1.8 -38.8 -1.3 -26.6 .. .. .. ..
51 Myanmar 0.6 5.7 12.2 24.4 0.5 5.1 0.5 9.4 0.7 5.5 1.9 13.6 -4.1 9.4
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Middle-income economies 2.2 w 0.2 w 57.3 w 334.6 w .. 0.9 w .. 1.3 w .. 3.7 w .. .. .. 2.1 w
Lower-middle-income 2.2 w -2.3 w 15.5 w 326.4 w .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
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52 Bolivia /c .. 3.8 317.4 10.9 2.0 .. -2.9 .. -0.1 .. 3.5 6.1 -9.9 5.8
53 Macedonia, FYR .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
54 Moldova .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
55 Indonesia /c 6.1 7.6 8.5 7.4 3.4 3.0 6.9 9.8 7.0 7.6 2.9 10.8 7.0 7.5
56 Philippines /c 1.0 1.6 14.9 9.6 1.0 1.6 -0.9 0.9 2.8 2.1 3.5 8.0 -2.1 2.3
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57 Uzbekistan 3.4 -5.0 (0.7) 628.7 -0.1 -0.7 4.3 -6.7 5.4 -6.3 .. .. 0.4 -9.1
58 Morocco /c 4.2 1.7 7.2 4.4 6.7 -1.5 3.0 0.3 4.2 3.4 5.6 2.1 2.5 -2.7
59 Kazakstan 1.5 -14.3 2.8 976.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.9 -26.0
60 Guatemala /c 0.8 4.1 14.6 15.5 2.3 2.5 2.1 4.2 2.1 4.9 -2.1 5.2 -1.8 10.7
61 Papua New Guinea /c 1.9 11.5 5.3 3.8 1.8 5.3 1.9 24.3 0.7 .. 3.3 18.3 -0.9 -4.1
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62 Bulgaria 4.0 -5.9 1.2 90.0 -2.1 -2.9 5.2 -9.3 4.8 -0.6 -3.5 -5.3 2.4 -10.1
63 Romania 0.6 -3.7 2.5 191.9 .. -2.3 .. -5.1 .. -3.1 .. .. .. -13.1
64 Ecuador /c 2.0 3.5 36.4 41.0 4.4 2.0 1.2 5.2 1.8 2.9 5.4 7.5 -3.8 5.9
65 Dominican Republic 2.7 4.2 21.5 13.6 0.4 3.0 2.2 3.7 3.7 4.6 2.8 5.2 3.7 7.0
66 Lithuania /c 2.3 -20.3 3.5 390.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
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67 El Salvador /c 0.2 6.2 16.4 11.4 -1.1 1.0 0.1 4.2 0.7 8.8 -3.4 12.1 2.2 16.0
68 Jordan -1.5 8.2 7.0 4.7 13.2 10.2 -1.3 7.9 -7.3 7.9 14.0 3.3 7.3 6.5
69 Jamaica /c 2.0 3.5 18.6 42.8 0.6 8.3 2.4 -0.5 1.9 6.0 5.4 -1.0 -0.1 5.8
70 Paraguay /c 2.5 2.9 24.4 19.3 3.6 1.4 -0.3 1.9 3.4 4.1 11.5 13.5 -0.8 1.2
71 Algeria 2.9 -0.6 7.8 27.1 4.5 -0.2 1.7 -0.8 3.3 -0.6 4.1 -0.4 -2.3 -6.8
72 Colombia 3.7 4.3 24.6 23.8 2.9 1.4 5.0 3.0 3.1 6.4 7.5 5.9 0.5 21.2
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Note: For data comparability and coverage, see the technical notes. Figures in italics are for years other than those specified.
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73 Tunisia 3.3 4.5 7.5 5.5 2.8 0.5 3.1 4.0 3.5 5.9 5.6 5.9 -1.8 2.3
74 Ukraine /c .. -14.4 .. 1,169.1 .. -8.5 .. -19.4 .. -11.3 .. .. .. ..
75 Namibia 1.1 4.1 13.6 9.5 1.8 6.8 -1.1 2.9 2.2 4.1 0.2 6.1 11.9 -2.8
76 Peru /c -0.2 4.2 229.6 83.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. -1.7 7.4 -4.2 10.7
77 Belarus 4.8 -10.5 0.6 905.5 1.8 -6.8 6.2 -5.3 4.9 -11.1 .. .. 4.4 -5.3
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78 Slovak Republic /c 1.9 -5.4 1.8 17.0 0.6 -2.6 2.2 -11.8 1.7 3.4 .. .. 4.4 -20.5
79 Latvia 3.5 -17.7 (0.0) 205.1 2.3 -19.1 4.3 -35.7 3.1 -8.0 .. .. .. ..
80 Costa Rica /c 3.0 5.6 23.5 18.8 3.1 3.8 2.8 6.1 3.1 6.0 6.1 10.7 5.3 10.6
81 Poland 1.7 1.6 53.9 36.9 0.7 -3.0 0.1 1.2 2.2 2.6 4.5 6.3 0.9 -3.3
82 Thailand /c 7.6 8.2 3.9 4.4 4.0 3.1 9.9 10.9 7.3 7.4 14.0 14.6 9.4 9.3
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83 Turkey 5.6 3.2 48.4 71.7 4.4 0.8 6.4 4.3 5.5 3.3 16.6 7.7 5.3 2.2
84 Croatia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
85 Panama /c 0.3 7.0 2.4 1.6 .. 5.1 .. 18.6 .. 5.5 .. 4.9 .. 19.6
86 Russian Federation 1.9 -10.6 3.2 616.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
87 Venezuela /c 1.1 3.2 19.3 34.2 3.0 2.3 0.5 4.1 1.1 2.6 2.8 5.0 -5.3 6.9
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88 Botswana /c 10.3 4.4 13.1 8.4 2.2 0.6 11.4 1.7 11.0 7.9 .. .. .. ..
89 Estonia /c 0.2 -11.6 4.4 208.4 -1.9 -9.3 1.6 -19.4 -0.5 -27.1 .. .. 0.5 -33.8
90 Iran, Islamic Rep. 1.5 5.2 14.6 30.3 4.5 5.8 3.3 4.5 -0.3 5.4 6.9 9.0 -2.5 -7.8
91 Turkmenistan 3.6 -5.2 0.7 545.8 1.2 .. 2.7 .. 7.2 .. .. .. 3.6 ..
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Upper-middle-income 2.2 w 3.4 w 121.5 w 347.1 w 2.5 w 0.9 w 2.1 w 2.6 w 2.7 w 4.4 w 7.1 w 7.8 w 0.7 w 5.7 w
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92 Brazil 2.7 2.2 284.5 1,231.5 2.8 3.2 2.0 0.8 3.5 3.2 7.5 9.0 0.2 1.8
93 South Africa 1.3 -0.1 14.8 11.9 3.0 -2.3 -1.1 -1.2 2.9 0.6 1.9 2.3 -4.8 2.4
94 Mauritius 6.5 5.3 8.7 7.2 2.6 -2.1 9.2 6.0 5.3 6.4 10.4 4.6 11.8 5.5
95 Czech Republic /c 1.7 -4.7 1.5 21.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.3 -6.6
96 Malaysia /c 5.2 8.4 1.7 3.7 3.8 2.8 7.2 9.8 4.3 9.1 10.9 12.9 2.6 14.9
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97 Chile /c 4.1 7.5 20.9 15.3 5.6 4.0 3.7 7.5 4.2 9.7 7.0 9.0 9.6 12.9
98 Trinidad and Tobago -2.5 0.3 4.1 6.4 -5.8 0.9 -5.5 -0.5 1.3 0.9 8.9 12.1 -10.1 -0.6
99 Hungary /c 1.6 -2.0 8.6 22.4 0.6 -9.4 -2.6 -1.1 4.8 -0.5 4.0 -5.9 -0.4 3.2
100 Gabon /c 0.5 -2.1 1.9 10.5 1.7 -0.3 1.0 2.8 -0.3 -9.2 2.8 4.5 -4.6 -2.8
101 Mexico /c 1.0 2.5 70.4 13.1 0.6 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.1 2.7 6.6 4.0 -3.1 6.5
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102 Uruguay /c 0.4 4.4 61.3 60.0 0.1 3.3 -0.2 -2.6 0.9 8.5 4.3 8.4 -7.8 11.6
103 Oman /c 8.3 6.7 (3.6) (3.4) 7.9 2.1 10.3 6.2 6.0 11.4 .. .. .. ..
104 Slovenia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
105 Saudi Arabia /c -1.2 1.9 (3.7) 0.4 13.4 .. -2.3 .. -1.2 .. .. .. .. ..
106 Greece 1.7 1.4 17.9 13.7 -0.1 3.3 1.3 -1.1 2.3 2.3 7.1 10.4 -0.9 1.2
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107 Argentina -0.3 7.6 389.1 27.6 0.9 1.2 -0.9 8.0 -0.0 8.4 3.7 2.7 -4.7 22.0
108 Korea, Rep. /c 9.4 6.6 5.9 6.3 2.8 1.8 13.1 6.1 8.2 7.5 12.0 10.6 11.9 4.3
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Low- and middle-income 3.1 w 1.9 w 45.7 w 262.4 w 3.1 w 1.9 w 3.9 w 4.6 w 3.8 w 4.0 w 7.3 w .. 2.3 w ..
Sub-Saharan Africa 1.7 w 0.9 w 18.8 w 39.2 w 1.8 w 0.7 w 0.5 w -0.2 w 2.4 w 0.9 w 1.8 w 2.1 w -4.1 w -0.4 w
East Asia & Pacific 7.9 w 9.4 w 9.3 w 9.9 w 4.4 w 3.6 w 9.7 w 13.4 w 8.6 w 8.0 w 9.7 w 12.7 w 9.1 w 10.6 w
South Asia 5.7 w 3.9 w 8.0 w 9.9 w 3.2 w 2.7 w 6.9 w 3.8 w 6.8 w 4.6 w 6.1 w 13.1 w 6.1 w 1.8 w
Europe and Central Asia 2.3 w -7.5 w 9.8 w 528.9 w .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Middle East & N. Africa 0.2 w 2.3 w 8.2 w 15.9 w 4.5 w .. 1.0 w .. 1.3 w .. .. .. .. ..
Latin America & Caribbe 1.7 w 3.6 w 179.4 w 482.8 w 2.0 w 2.3 w 1.3 w 2.9 w 2.1 w 4.4 w 5.4 w 6.3 w -1.5 w 7.9 w
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High-income economies 3.2 w 1.7 w 4.7 w 2.5 w 2.3 w .. 3.2 w .. 3.2 w .. 5.1 w .. 4.1 w ..
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109 Portugal /c 2.9 0.6 18.1 10.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.7 1.0 2.6 2.7
110 New Zealand /c 1.9 3.0 10.8 1.2 4.1 .. 1.3 .. 1.8 .. 4.1 5.4 4.4 2.4
111 Spain /c 3.2 0.7 9.3 5.6 .. -1.0 .. .. .. .. 5.7 7.8 5.7 -5.4
112 Ireland 3.3 4.5 6.3 2.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 8.9 9.7 -0.4 -10.8
113 +Israel 3.5 6.2 101.4 12.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.5 9.2 2.1 12.2
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114 Australia /c 3.5 3.4 7.3 1.2 3.3 -0.1 2.6 -0.2 4.0 2.8 7.0 7.6 2.6 0.9
115 United Kingdom 3.2 0.8 5.7 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.9 1.9 6.4 -2.0
116 Finland 3.3 -2.2 6.8 1.9 -0.2 -2.6 3.3 -4.0 3.7 -4.2 2.2 6.6 3.0 -19.5
117 Italy /c 2.4 0.7 9.9 4.9 0.6 2.1 2.2 -0.5 2.7 0.9 4.1 5.2 2.1 -5.9
118 +Kuwait /c 0.9 .. (2.4) .. 14.7 .. 1.0 .. 0.9 .. -2.3 .. -4.5 ..
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119 Canada 3.4 1.4 4.4 1.4 1.5 -1.2 2.9 -0.9 3.6 1.0 6.0 6.5 5.2 -1.3
120 +Hong Kong 6.9 5.7 7.7 8.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. 14.4 14.3 4.0 9.1
121 Netherlands /c 2.1 1.5 1.7 2.2 .. 2.6 .. -0.4 .. 1.9 4.6 3.0 3.3 -2.8
122 +Singapore /c 6.4 8.3 2.0 3.7 -6.2 -1.3 5.4 8.7 7.2 8.1 10.0 12.3 3.7 6.1
123 Belgium /c 1.9 0.9 4.4 3.3 1.8 7.7 2.2 .. 1.8 .. 4.6 2.8 3.2 -1.7
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124 France /c 2.4 0.8 6.0 2.3 2.0 0.4 1.1 -1.0 3.0 1.1 3.7 3.8 2.8 -6.3
125 Sweden 2.3 -1.0 7.4 3.2 1.5 -1.9 2.8 -2.7 2.1 -1.2 4.3 2.4 4.3 -13.3
126 Austria /c 2.1 1.6 3.7 3.8 1.1 -2.8 1.9 0.9 2.3 2.2 4.6 2.6 2.5 0.9
127 Germany /d 2.2 1.1 2.6 3.8 1.7 .. 1.2 .. 2.9 .. 4.4 -3.0 2.0 -1.8
128 United States /c 3.0 2.5 4.1 2.4 4.0 .. 2.8 .. 3.1 .. 5.2 6.7 3.4 4.1
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129 Norway 2.9 3.3 5.5 0.5 0.9 .. 3.5 .. 2.6 .. 5.0 7.2 0.6 -0.4
130 Denmark 2.4 1.8 5.5 1.7 3.1 1.3 2.9 0.4 2.1 1.5 4.4 2.7 4.0 -6.9
131 Japan /c 4.1 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.1 -2.8 4.9 0.7 3.7 2.6 4.8 4.0 5.7 -0.4
132 Switzerland /c 2.2 0.1 3.7 2.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.4 1.5 4.8 -7.3
133 +United Arab Emirates -2.0 .. 0.7 .. 9.6 9.3 -4.2 -1.8 2.0 .. .. .. -8.7 ..
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World 3.1 w 1.8 w 14.8 w 66.2 w 2.8 w .. 3.4 w .. 3.3 w .. 5.3 w .. 3.7 w ..
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a. Services includes unallocated items. b. Includes Eritrea. c. GDP components are at purchaser values. d.Data prior to 1990 refer to the Federal Republic of Germany before unification.
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