Table A.4. Developed economies: unemployment rates, 1988-1998a
(Percentage of total labour force)
| |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997b |
1998c |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| All developed economies |
6.6 |
6.1 |
6.0 |
6.7 |
7.4 |
8.1 |
7.9 |
7.6 |
7.6 |
7.4 |
7 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Major industrialized countries |
6.1 |
5.7 |
5.6 |
6.3 |
6.8 |
7.2 |
7.1 |
6.8 |
6.8 |
6.7 |
6.5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Canada |
7.7 |
7.5 |
8.1 |
10.2 |
11.3 |
11.2 |
10.4 |
9.5 |
9.7 |
9.3 |
9 |
| France |
9.8 |
9.3 |
9.0 |
9.5 |
10.4 |
11.7 |
12.3 |
11.7 |
12.4 |
12.5 |
12.75 |
| Germanyc |
6.2 |
5.6 |
4.9 |
4.2 |
4.6 |
7.9 |
8.4 |
8.2 |
8.9 |
9.6 |
9.5 |
| Italy |
10.9 |
10.9 |
10.3 |
9.8 |
10.5 |
10.3 |
11.4 |
11.9 |
12.0 |
12.2 |
11.75 |
| Japan |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
2.5 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
| United Kingdom |
8.6 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
8.8 |
10.1 |
10.5 |
9.6 |
8.8 |
8.2 |
7.0 |
6.25 |
| United States |
5.4 |
5.2 |
5.5 |
6.8 |
7.3 |
6.9 |
6.1 |
5.6 |
5.4 |
5.0 |
4.75 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Other industrialized countries |
9.3 |
8.4 |
8.1 |
8.9 |
10.1 |
12.1 |
12.3 |
11.6 |
11.4 |
10.9 |
10.5 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Australia |
7.2 |
6.1 |
6.9 |
9.5 |
10.7 |
10.8 |
9.7 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.25 |
| Austriad |
5.4 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
5.8 |
6.0 |
6.8 |
6.5 |
6.6 |
7.0 |
7.6 |
7.5 |
| Belgium |
9.7 |
8.0 |
7.2 |
7.2 |
7.7 |
8.9 |
10.0 |
9.9 |
9.8 |
9.6 |
9.25 |
| Denmark |
8.6 |
9.3 |
9.6 |
10.5 |
11.2 |
10.1 |
8.2 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
6.3 |
6 |
| Finland |
4.5 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
7.5 |
13.0 |
17.9 |
17.4 |
16.2 |
15.3 |
14.4 |
12.5 |
| Greeced |
7.7 |
7.5 |
7.0 |
7.7 |
8.7 |
9.7 |
9.6 |
10.0 |
10.3 |
10.0 |
9.75 |
| Icelandd |
0.6 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
3.1 |
4.4 |
4.8 |
5.0 |
4.4 |
4.6 |
4.25 |
| Ireland |
16.3 |
14.7 |
13.4 |
14.7 |
15.5 |
15.6 |
14.3 |
12.3 |
11.6 |
10.4 |
10 |
| Luxembourgd |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
2.7 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.25 |
| Maltad |
4.0 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.6 |
4.0 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
4.4 |
4.5 |
| Netherlands |
9.2 |
8.3 |
7.5 |
7.0 |
5.6 |
6.6 |
7.1 |
6.9 |
6.3 |
5.6 |
5 |
| New Zealand |
5.6 |
7.1 |
7.8 |
10.3 |
10.2 |
9.5 |
8.1 |
6.3 |
6.1 |
6.4 |
6.25 |
| Norway |
3.2 |
4.9 |
5.2 |
5.5 |
5.9 |
6.0 |
5.4 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
4.0 |
3.25 |
| Portugal |
5.7 |
5.0 |
4.6 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
5.7 |
7.0 |
7.3 |
7.3 |
7.0 |
7 |
| Spain |
19.1 |
16.9 |
15.9 |
16.0 |
18.1 |
22.8 |
24.1 |
22.9 |
22.1 |
20.6 |
20 |
| Sweden |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
2.7 |
5.8 |
9.5 |
9.8 |
9.2 |
10.0 |
10.3 |
9.5 |
| Switzerlandd |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
1.1 |
2.5 |
4.5 |
4.7 |
4.2 |
4.7 |
5.5 |
5.25 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Memo items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Western Europe |
9.1 |
8.3 |
7.7 |
8.0 |
8.9 |
10.7 |
11.0 |
10.6 |
10.8 |
10.6 |
10.25 |
| European Union (15) |
9.4 |
8.5 |
7.9 |
8.2 |
9.1 |
10.9 |
11.2 |
10.9 |
11.0 |
10.8 |
10.5 |
| Other |
1.6 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.7 |
3.7 |
5.0 |
4.9 |
4.5 |
4.8 |
5.0 |
4.5 |
Source: UN/DESA, based on data of OECD.
a For the seven countries shown and ten others, unemployment data are
standardized by OECD for comparability among countries and over time, in conformity with
the definitions of the International Labour Office (see OECD, Standardized Unemployment
Rates: Sources and Methods (Paris, 1985)); national definitons and estimates are used for
other countries.
b Preliminary estimates.
c Forecast, partly based on Project LINK.
d Prior to January 1993, data refer to Western Germany only.
e Not standardized. National definitions and estimates are used. | Search | Parliament | Governments | Regions | Issues
Copyright © United
Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Comments and suggestions: esa@un.org
29 December 1997 |
